Prevention of risk behaviors in pre-adolescents: intervention model to develop psychosocial skills

  • Marisol Morales-Rodríguez Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo
  • Damaris Díaz-Barajas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo

Abstract

Introduction. Risk behaviors in the adolescent population have increased in recent years, hence the need to implement preventive measures in order to reduce the probability of maladaptive responses occurring. Objective. Implement a psychoeducational intervention model to develop psychosocial skills in preadolescents in order to prevent the appearance of risk behaviors. Method. It was based on a quantitative methodology, pre-experimental design -pretest / posttest without control group-, descriptive scope. 63 elementary school students with an average age of 11 years participated; The instruments used were: Social skills questionnaire (Ambezar Project, 2014), Prosocial skills scale (Morales & Suárez, 2011), Family Cohesion and Adaptability Assessment Scale (Olson, Portner & Lavee, 1985), Self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1969), Scale of social support (Domínguez, Salas, Contreras & Procidano, 2011), Scale of emotional instability (Caprara and Pastorelli, 1993; Del Barrio, et al., 2001), Scale of Tolerance to frustration ( Bar-On & Parker, 2000), wich were applied collectively at both times, with the prior informed consent of the parents. The intervention lasted 12 sessions in addition to those the pretest and postest. Results. The findings show statistically significant changes after the intervention, in self-esteem (t=6.6; p=.000), emotional stability (t=7.9; p=.000), social support (t=7.2; p= .000), social skills (t=3.6; p= 000), frustration tolerance (t=4.9; p=.000), and all the factors of prosocial skills such as perspective taking (t=6.4; p=.000), solidarity (t=5.9; p= .000), altruism (t= 3.4; p=.001) and assistance (t=3.6; p=.001); the variable that was the exception was family functioning, which did not show differences after the program. Conclusions. It is concluded that the intervention favored the development of psychological and social skills in the participants; based on this, it is inferred that implementing these models to act preventively, by reducing the probability of the appearance of risk behaviors, promoting adaptive behavior patterns.
Published
2021-01-14
How to Cite
Morales-Rodríguez, M., & Díaz-Barajas, D. (2021). Prevention of risk behaviors in pre-adolescents: intervention model to develop psychosocial skills. Revista Electrónica Del Desarrollo Humano Para La Innovación Social, 8(15). Retrieved from https://cdhis.org.mx/index.php/CAGI/article/view/154
Section
Artí­culos científicos